Chinese Classical Literature

Han Fei Zi: The Man Who Pretended he could Play Reed Pipes ~ 《韩非子》 with English Translations

译文:齐宣王派人吹竽,一定要三百人一起吹。南郭处士请求给齐宣王吹竽,齐宣王很高兴。官府给他的待遇和那几百人一样。齐宣王死后,他的儿子齐愍王(愍王)继承了王位。齐愍王喜欢听一个一个地独奏,南郭处士就逃跑了。滥竽充数的故事告诉人们:弄虚作假是经不住时间的考验,终究会露出马脚的,一个人如果像不会吹竽的南郭先生那样,没有真本事,只靠装样子糊弄人,在别人还不了解真相的时候,能够蒙混一阵子,但是总有真相大白的一天。 《古代寓言·滥竽充数》 齐宣王使人吹竽,必三百人。 南郭处士请为王吹竽。宣王说之,廪食以数百人。 宣王死,湣王立,好一一听之。 处士逃。 ——《韩非子》 The Man Who Pretended he could Play Reed Pipes When Prince Xuan of Qi called for reed pipe music, he would have three hundred men playing at the same time. Then a scholar named Nanguo asked for a place in the orchestra, and the prince, taking a fancy […]

Han Fei Zi: The Man Who Pretended he could Play Reed Pipes ~ 《韩非子》 with English Translations Read More »

Han Fei Zi: Why Zeng Shen Killed the Pig ~ with English Translations

译文:曾子的妻子要到集市去,她的孩子边跟着她边小声哭,母亲对他说:“你先回去,等我回家后再杀猪给你吃。”妻子刚从集市回来,就看见曾子要抓住猪把它杀了,妻子阻止他说:“刚才只不过是和小孩子开玩笑罢了。”曾子说:“孩子是不能和他随便开玩笑的。孩子是要听从父母的教导。如今你欺骗他,就是教他学会欺骗。母亲欺骗孩子,孩子就不会再相信母亲,这不是教育孩子该用的方法。”曾子于是就把猪煮了。这个故事说明了要用诚实守信的人生态度,不可欺骗别人。 《古代寓言·曾参杀猪》 曾子之妻之市,其子随之而泣。其母曰:“女还,愿反为女杀彘。” 妻适市来,曾子欲捕彘杀之。 妻止之曰:“特与婴儿戏耳。” 曾子曰:“婴儿非也戏也!婴儿非有知也,待父母而学者也,听父母之教。今子欺之,是教子欺也。母欺子,子而不信其母,非以成教也。” 遂烹彘也。 ——《韩非子》 Why Zeng Shen Killed the Pig One day, when Zeng Shen’s wife was going to the market, their son cried and clamoured to go with her. “Go back now!” she wheedled him. “When I get home we’ll kill the pig for you.” Upon her return, she found

Han Fei Zi: Why Zeng Shen Killed the Pig ~ with English Translations Read More »

Ivory Chopsticks – Ancient Chinese Fables

译文:当年纣王使用象牙筷子,箕子见了觉得害怕。因为箕子认为,用了象牙筷子,必然会不用陶杯,改用犀角做的杯子;用了象牙筷子,玉杯,必然不会吃粗粮菜蔬,而是去吃山珍海味;山珍海味必然不能穿着粗布短衣,坐在茅屋中吃,一定要穿着华贵的衣服,坐在宽广的屋子,高高的亭台上吃。我怕那个结局,所以在看到开始的时候感到恐惧。过了五年,纣王造了酒池肉林,设了炮烙的酷刑,并因此而亡国。所以说箕子看见象牙筷子便知道天下将有大祸降临。所以说:“能从小处看出以后的发展的人是可以称之为聪明的。”这则寓言通过箕子从纣王使用象牙筷子的事件里,担忧他会发展得越发不可收拾,以至于发生商纣灭亡的故事,揭示了一个见微而知著(或:见微知著)预见性强的深刻道理。 《古代寓言·象箸》 昔者纣为象箸,而箕子怖。以为象箸必不加于土鉶,必须犀玉之杯。象箸玉杯必不羹菽藿,则必旄豹胎。旄象豹胎,必不衣短褐而食于茅屋之下,则锦衣九重,广室高台。吾畏其卒,故怖其始。居五年,纣为肉圃,设炮烙,登糟邱,临酒池,纣遂以亡。故箕子见象箸以知天下之祸。故曰,见小曰明。 ——《韩非子》 Ivory Chopsticks When King Zhou ordered chopsticks made of ivory, Ji Zi was most perturbed. For he feared that once the king had ivory chopsticks he would not be content with earthenware, but would want cups of rhinoceros horn and jade; and instead of beans and vegetables, he would hardly be

Ivory Chopsticks – Ancient Chinese Fables Read More »

The Crumbling Wall – Ancient Chinese Fables

译文:宋国有一个富人,天上下雨了,他家的墙毁坏了。富人的儿子说:“要是不修筑,一定会有人偷盗。”邻居家的老人也是这样说的。晚上,富人家果然丢失了很多东西。结果,那个富人认为自己的儿子聪明,却怀疑邻居家的老人偷了他家的东西。它告诫人们,如果不尊重事实,只用亲疏和感情作为判断是非的标准,就会主观臆测,得出错误的结论, 说不定害了自己。 《古代寓言·坯墙》 宋有富人,大雨坏墙。 其子曰:“不筑,必将有盗。” 其邻人之父亦云。 暮而果大亡其财。 其家甚智其子,而疑邻从之父。 The Crumbling Wall There was once a rich man in the state of Song. After a downpour of rain his wall began to crumble. “If you don’t mend that wall,” warned his son, “a thief will get in.” An old neighbor gave the same advice. That night,

The Crumbling Wall – Ancient Chinese Fables Read More »

Han Fei Zi: Painting Ghosts ~ 《韩非子》 with English Translations

译文:有人为齐王作画,齐王问他:“画什么最难?”他说:“狗、马最难画。”齐王又问:“画什么最容易?”他说:“画鬼怪最容易。狗、马是人们所熟悉的,早晚都出现在你面前,不可仅仅画得相似而已,所以难画;鬼怪是无形的,不会出现在人们面前,所以容易画。” 寓意:胡编乱造,胡写乱画,这是最简单的事;但要真正认识客观事物,并恰如其分地表现它,就不是一件容易事了。 《古代寓言·画什么东西最难》 客有为齐王画者,齐王问曰:“画孰最难者?”曰:“犬马最难。”“孰最易者?”曰:“鬼魅最易。”夫犬马,人所知也,旦暮罄于前,不可类也,故难;鬼神,无形者,不罄于前,帮易之也。 ——《韩非子》 Painting Ghosts There was an artist who worked for the prince of Qi. “Tell me,” said the prince, “What are the hardest things to paint?” “Dogs, horses, and the like,” replied the artist. “What are the easiest?” asked the prince. “Ghosts and monsters,” the artist told him. “We all know

Han Fei Zi: Painting Ghosts ~ 《韩非子》 with English Translations Read More »

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes An Endless Night ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·夜如年》 with English Translations

贺铸(1052-1125),字方回,自号庆湖遗老,山阴(今浙江绍兴)人,居卫州(今河南汲县)。长身耸目,面色铁青,人称贺鬼头。孝惠皇后族孙,授右班殿直,元佑中曾任泗州、太平州通判。晚年退居苏州,杜门校书。不附权贵,喜论天下事。能诗文,尤长于词。其词内容、风格较为丰富多样,兼有豪放、婉约二派之长,长于锤炼语言并善融化前人成句。用韵特严,富有节奏感和音乐美。部分描绘春花秋月之作,意境高旷,语言浓丽哀婉,近秦观、晏几道。其爱国忧时之作,悲壮激昂,又近苏轼。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾等对其词均有续作,足见其影响。 贺铸·《捣练子·夜如年》 斜月下, 北风前, 万杵千砧捣欲穿。 不为捣衣勤不睡, 破除今夜夜如年。 Song of Pounding Clothes An Endless Night He Zhu Under the slanting moon In northern wind alone, My beetle pounds without a break on anvil stone. I will not sleep but pound, not to wash for my dear But to pass the endless night as long as a

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes An Endless Night ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·夜如年》 with English Translations Read More »

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes Waiting for Letters ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·望书归》 with English Translations

《捣练子·望书归》是由宋代贺铸《捣练子》组词的第六首。词中写道,由于边关路远,传邮不便,思妇希望寄送的征衣早日穿在丈夫身上。只有在梦中才可能与亲人多次相见,只盼望来年能得到亲人的书信。整首词语言质朴,而又感情深婉,哀伤曲折。 贺铸·《捣练子·望书归》 边堠远, 置邮稀, 附与征衣衬铁衣。 连夜不妨频梦见, 过年惟望得书归。 Song of Pounding Clothes Waiting for Letters He Zhu Far-off is the frontier, And post-stations are few. I send you cotton clothes for your armor bright. Why don’t you often come in dreams from night to night? What I expect next year Is but letters from you.

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes Waiting for Letters ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·望书归》 with English Translations Read More »

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes Cutting My Warrior’s Gown ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·剪征袍》 with English Translations

《捣练子·剪征袍》,是由诗人贺铸所作,贺铸, 字方回,山阴人,能做诗文,特别擅长作词。这是一首表达离别愁绪别留诗。 贺铸·《捣练子·剪征袍》 抛练杵, 傍窗纱, 巧剪征袍斗出花。 想见陇头长戍客, 授衣时节也思家。 Song of Pounding Clothes Cutting My Warrior’s Gown He Zhu Putting my beetle down, I lean By window screen To cut out flowers on my warrior’s gown. I think of him long stationed on northwest frontier. When he receives the gown, won’t he think of me here?

He Zhu: Song of Pounding Clothes Cutting My Warrior’s Gown ~ 贺铸·《捣练子·剪征袍》 with English Translations Read More »

Zhou Bangyan: Hong Chuang Hui ~ 周邦彦·《红窗迥》 with English Translations

周邦彦(1056—1121),北宋著名词人。字美成,号清真居士,钱塘(今浙江杭州)人。官历太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。少年时期个性比较疏散,但相当喜欢读书,宋神宗时,写《汴都赋》赞扬新法,徽宗时为徽猷阁待制,提举大晟府(最高音乐机关)。周邦彦精通音律,曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅,也有咏物之作。格律谨严,语言曲丽精雅,长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律词派词人所宗。作品在婉约词人中长期被尊为“正宗”。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”或“词中老杜”,是公认“负一代词名”的词人,在宋代影响甚大。有《清真居士集》,已佚,今存《片玉集》。 周邦彦·《红窗迥》 几日来、 真个醉。 不知道、 窗外乱红, 已深半指。 花影被风摇碎。 拥春酲乍起。 有个人人, 生得济楚, 来向耳畔, 问道今朝醒未。 情性儿、慢腾腾地。 恼得人又醉。 Hong Chuang Hui Zhou Bangyan In the last few days, we have really been drunk, We even know not that, outside the wind, the confusion of fallen red petals has already Piled to the depth of half a finger. All

Zhou Bangyan: Hong Chuang Hui ~ 周邦彦·《红窗迥》 with English Translations Read More »

Wei Zhuang: Farewell to a Japanese Monk ~ 韦庄·《送日本国僧敬龙归》 with English Translations

《送日本国僧敬龙归》是唐代文学家韦庄创作的一首七绝,收录于《全唐诗》中。此诗是作者为送别日本僧人归国而作,祝愿自己的朋友一路平安,顺利到达家乡。诗人只在“送归”上落笔,体现了对异国友人的关心与惜别之情。全诗语言质朴清新,感情真挚感人。明月和风这两个意象,既表达了诗人祝福的心愿,又描绘出一幅美妙、壮阔的海月行舟图,引人遐思。 韦庄·《送日本国僧敬龙归》 扶桑已在渺茫中,家在扶桑东更东。 此去与师谁共到,一船明月一帆风。 Farewell to a Japanese Monk Wei Zhuang The land of mulberry is in the boundless sea; Your home’s farther east to the land of mulberry. Who would arrive with you at the land of your dreams? A sail unfurled in wind, a boat steeped in moonbeams.

Wei Zhuang: Farewell to a Japanese Monk ~ 韦庄·《送日本国僧敬龙归》 with English Translations Read More »